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Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) RT-PCR testing detects specific mutations in the feline coronavirus (FCoV) that transform the typically benign enteric virus into the deadly FIP-causing variant. This specialized molecular test identifies the viral RNA in effusions, tissues, or blood, helping to diagnose this historically challenging disease with greater accuracy and earlier detection capability than traditional methods.
Mutation-Specific IdentificationEarly Disease DetectionSample Type VersatilityTreatment Response MonitoringDifferentiation from Benign FCoV.png)
Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) develops when certain mutations occur in the feline coronavirus (FCoV), allowing the virus to efficiently replicate in macrophages and trigger an aberrant immune response. The resulting disease can manifest in "wet" (effusive) or "dry" (non-effusive) forms and is historically considered fatal. RT-PCR testing can detect specific mutations in the viral genome, particularly in the spike protein gene, that are associated with the development of FIP. This testing is especially valuable for early diagnosis when treatment with novel antiviral medications may be most effective, and can be performed on various sample types including effusions, tissues, and sometimes blood.
Clinical Significance of FIP RT-PCR Testing
Treatment Window: Early detection enables timely intervention with novel antivirals.
Challenging Diagnosis: Helps resolve ambiguous cases where clinical presentation is unclear.
Disease Monitoring: Can track viral clearance during treatment protocols.
Mutation Characterization: Identifies specific viral mutations associated with FIP development.
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