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Canine Parvovirus (CPV) PCR testing provides highly sensitive molecular detection of this life-threatening enteric virus that primarily affects puppies. This test identifies viral DNA in fecal samples with greater accuracy than traditional antigen-based tests, detecting infection earlier in the disease course and distinguishing vaccine strains from field strains, enabling prompt intervention for this rapidly progressive disease with high mortality rates.
Early Viral Shedding DetectionField vs. Vaccine Strain DifferentiationVariant (CPV-2a, 2b, 2c) IdentificationLow Viral Load DiagnosisOutbreak Investigation Support.png)
Canine Parvovirus (CPV) is a highly contagious, non-enveloped DNA virus that causes severe gastroenteritis in dogs, particularly puppies under 6 months of age. The virus targets rapidly dividing cells, primarily affecting the intestinal epithelium, bone marrow, and lymphoid tissue, resulting in hemorrhagic diarrhea, vomiting, leukopenia, and potentially fatal dehydration and sepsis. PCR testing detects viral DNA in fecal samples even before clinical signs appear or when viral shedding is low, and can differentiate between field strains and modified live vaccine strains, which can cause transient positive results on antigen tests for up to 5-12 days post-vaccination.
Clinical Significance of CPV PCR Testing
Critical Timing: Early diagnosis enables aggressive treatment before severe dehydration.
Vaccine Interference: Distinguishes natural infection from vaccine-induced positive results.
Variant Monitoring: Identifies specific CPV variants with potential clinical implications.
Infection Control: Guides quarantine decisions and disinfection protocols.
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